{"id":17142,"date":"2019-07-26T08:23:17","date_gmt":"2019-07-26T05:23:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/dienvidafrikas-brendiju-vesture\/"},"modified":"2019-07-26T08:23:17","modified_gmt":"2019-07-26T05:23:17","slug":"dienvidafrikas-brendiju-vesture","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/?p=17142","title":{"rendered":"Dienvid\u0101frikas brendiju v\u0113sture"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Edgars Olmanis<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Ja n\u0101ktos izraudz\u012bt Dienvid\u0101frikas nacion\u0101lo dz\u0113rienu, brendijam b\u016btu vislab\u0101k\u0101s izredzes non\u0101kt saraksta aug\u0161gal\u0101 \u2013 visticam\u0101k, kop\u0101 ar kolu, bet tik un t\u0101. Ar vair\u0101k nek\u0101 300 gadu seno v\u0113sturi un savdab\u012bgajiem ra\u017eo\u0161anas noteikumiem, kas iev\u0113rojami at\u0161\u0137iras no brendiju trad\u012bcij\u0101m cit\u0101s zem\u0113s, tas ir peln\u012bjis pien\u0101c\u012bgu uzman\u012bbu. Ja agr\u0101k brendijs bija tikai lielo uz\u0146\u0113mumu p\u0101rvald\u012bts bizness, tad p\u0113d\u0113jos gados tam elpu dod ar\u012b mazie, amatnieciskie ra\u017eot\u0101ji.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Jaun\u0101kie pan\u0101kumi atspogu\u013cojas statistik\u0101: 45 miljoni Dienvid\u0101frikas iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju ik gadu pat\u0113r\u0113 45 miljonus litru brendija. L\u012bdz ar to brendijs \u0161ai zem\u0113 p\u0101rliecino\u0161i ir stiprais alkoholiskais dz\u0113riens numur viens, jo t\u0101 p\u0101rdo\u0161anas apjomi veido gandr\u012bz pusi no visa alkoholisko dz\u0113rienu apgroz\u012bjuma. Degv\u012bns un viskijs, kuri liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 izkonkur\u0113ju\u0161i viet\u0113jos dz\u0113rienus cit\u0101s zem\u0113s, \u0161eit atrodas zem\u0101s viet\u0101s. Dienvid\u0101frika lepojas ar savu izcilo brendiju t\u0101pat k\u0101 ar savu v\u012bnu. Tie, kurus sk\u0101ru\u0161i ekonomisk\u0101 aug\u0161upeja (par laimi \u0161\u0101du cilv\u0113ku skaits pieaug), viskija vai Bordeaux viet\u0101 dr\u012bz\u0101k izv\u0113l\u0113sies k\u0101du vecu brendiju, piem\u0113ram, KWV (Kooperatieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika), Van Ryn vai Oude Molen.<br \/>\n\u0160arantas brendiju uz Dienvid\u0101friku esot atvedis Jans van R\u012bb\u0113ks, kur\u0161 1652. gad\u0101 dibin\u0101ja Keiptaunu. Brendijs bija ienes\u012bga tirdzniec\u012bbas prece ar\u012b apvienotajai Austrumindijas komp\u0101nijai, pat neraugoties uz faktu, ka ku\u0123ojo\u0161ie holandie\u0161u tirgot\u0101ji to itin augstu v\u0113rt\u0113ja ar\u012b pa\u0161i. Kad Keiptaun\u0101 uzplauka v\u012bnkop\u012bba (1659. gad\u0101 tika izspiestas pirm\u0101s v\u012bnogas), l\u012bdz brendija ra\u017eo\u0161anas pirms\u0101kumiem vairs ilgi nebija j\u0101gaida. Vai nu sav\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m, vai ar\u012b uzskates nol\u016bkos, lai nodemonstr\u0113tu l\u012bdzi pa\u0146emto destil\u0101cijas apar\u0101tu. 1672. gada 19. maij\u0101 \u0161onera De Pijl koks destil\u0113ja pirmo Dienvid\u0101frikas brendiju. Dr\u012bz vien brendijs bija visu to provianta p\u0101rzi\u0146u iepirkumu saraksta aug\u0161gal\u0101, kuru ku\u0123i pa ce\u013cam uz Indiju un Indon\u0113ziju piest\u0101ja Keiptaun\u0101. Pirmais no drabi\u0146\u0101m destil\u0113tais dropbrandewijn esot bijis elpu aizraujo\u0161, ta\u010du garajos j\u016brasbraucienos sast\u0101v\u0113ju\u0161os \u016bdeni tas padar\u012bja vesel\u012bbai nekait\u012bgu. V\u0113l \u0161obaltdien v\u0101rds dop afrikandu valod\u0101 noz\u012bm\u0113 \u201epilna gl\u0101ze \u0161\u0146abja\u201d.<br \/>\nL\u012bdz ar britu ien\u0101k\u0161anu brendija kvalit\u0101te strauji uzlaboj\u0101s. Viens no pirmajiem, kas guva slavu, pateicoties brendijam bija Filips Bernards Volv\u0101rts, kuram 1791. gad\u0101 tika pie\u0161\u0137irts \u012bpa\u0161ums P\u0101rlas ielej\u0101. Savu \u012bpa\u0161umu vi\u0146\u0161 nosauca par Nederburgu, iest\u0101d\u012bja tur 63 000 v\u012bnogul\u0101ju un ik gadu destil\u0113ja no tiem ap 2600 litru brendija. Un vi\u0146\u0161 piln\u012bgi noteikti nebija vien\u012bgais, kas ar to nodarboj\u0101s.<br \/>\nJaunu noda\u013cu brendija v\u0113stur\u0113 1918. gad\u0101 ierakst\u012bja KWV, kas tika dibin\u0101ta k\u0101 priv\u0101ta sabiedr\u012bba ar uzdevumu stabiliz\u0113t v\u012bna ra\u017eo\u0161anas nozari un uzlabot v\u012bna un brendija kvalit\u0101ti. Brendijs k\u013cuva par masveida produktu, ko ar lielu prieku pat\u0113r\u0113ja meln\u0101daino iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju da\u013ca, kas \u012bsti nen\u0101ca par labu soci\u0101lo probl\u0113mu risin\u0101\u0161anai. Alkoholisms v\u0113l aizvien ir liela probl\u0113ma, tom\u0113r tagad brendijs pie t\u0101, visticam\u0101k, nav vairs tik \u013coti vainojams, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 alkohola pied\u0101v\u0101juma un pat\u0113ri\u0146a paradumu mai\u0146u. Dienvid\u0101frikas brendija p\u0101rdo\u0161anas apjomu pieaugums v\u0113rojams augst\u0101k\u0101s kvalit\u0101tes produktu segment\u0101, un visvair\u0101k tie\u0161i meln\u0101daino iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju vid\u016b ir iecien\u012btas presti\u017e\u0101k\u0101s markas, t\u0101das k\u0101 Martell V.O., Klipdrift Premium, 100 un KWV 10 Years Old<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Autors:\u00a0Edgars Olmanis (ieskaites darbs\u00a0Bar.lv b\u0101rme\u0146u skola)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/bar.lv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/brendiji.jpg\"><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"brendiji\" src=\"https:\/\/bar.lv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/brendiji.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"449\" height=\"660\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Edgars Olmanis Ja n\u0101ktos izraudz\u012bt Dienvid\u0101frikas nacion\u0101lo dz\u0113rienu, brendijam b\u016btu vislab\u0101k\u0101s izredzes non\u0101kt saraksta aug\u0161gal\u0101 \u2013 visticam\u0101k, kop\u0101 ar kolu, bet tik un t\u0101. Ar vair\u0101k<span class=\"excerpt-hellip\"> [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11769,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5464],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-brendiji"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17142"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19344,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17142\/revisions\/19344"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11769"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}