{"id":17215,"date":"2019-07-26T08:25:01","date_gmt":"2019-07-26T05:25:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/cica-peru-nacionalais-dzeriens\/"},"modified":"2019-07-26T08:25:01","modified_gmt":"2019-07-26T05:25:01","slug":"cica-peru-nacionalais-dzeriens","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/?p=17215","title":{"rendered":"\u010ci\u010da – Peru nacion\u0101lais dz\u0113riens"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"chicha\"<\/a><\/strong>
\n\u010ci\u010das v\u0113sture<\/strong>
\n\u010ci\u010das ra\u017eo\u0161anas process ir \u013coti sens. \u0160is dz\u0113riens bija paz\u012bstams pat zemkopju cilt\u012bm, kas apdz\u012bvoja Andu teritoriju. Peru teritorij\u0101 arheologi atkl\u0101ja sienu gleznojumus, kuros att\u0113lots, k\u0101 jaunavas pienesa \u010di\u010das kausus aristokr\u0101tiem. Tika noteikts, ka gleznojumi tiku\u0161i rad\u012bti laika period\u0101 no I gs. p.m.\u0113. l\u012bdz I gs.m.\u0113.. \u010ci\u010da tika uzskat\u012bta par aristokr\u0101tu dz\u0113rienu. \u010ci\u010da tikusi piemin\u0113ta ar\u012b cit\u0101s le\u0123end\u0101s un nost\u0101stos Peru folklor\u0101. No teikas par ezera \u201eDonato aka\u201d ra\u0161an\u0101s c\u0113lo\u0146iem seko, ka tas radies di\u017ecilt\u012bgas aristokr\u0101tes d\u0113\u013c, emociju uzpl\u016bd\u0101 izlejot kukur\u016bzas alu no m\u0101la trauka. M\u016bsdien\u0101s ezers atrodas Kolumbijas teritorij\u0101. Inki p\u0101r\u0146\u0113ma savu priek\u0161g\u0101j\u0113ju kult\u016bru, t.sk. ar\u012b \u010di\u010das gatavo\u0161anas un lieto\u0161anas veidus.
\nDienvidamerikas indi\u0101\u0146i izmantoja \u010di\u010du ritu\u0101los. Priesteri vai \u0161ama\u0146i lietoja \u0161o dz\u0113rienu k\u0101 tradicion\u0101lu l\u012bdzekli apzi\u0146as stimul\u0113\u0161anai. Katrs iev\u0113rojams notikums indi\u0101\u0146u cil\u0161u dz\u012bv\u0113 tika pavad\u012bts, lietojot \u0161o dz\u0113rienu lielos daudzumos, kas inkiem iedvesa, ka viss dz\u012bv\u0113 nosl\u0113dzas ar haosa iest\u0101\u0161anos. Bet p\u0113c tam, t\u0101pat k\u0101 p\u0113c pa\u0123ir\u0101m, notiek atdzim\u0161ana un ierast\u0101s pasaules k\u0101rt\u012bbas atjauno\u0161ana. Pat m\u016bsdien\u0101s, jebkuru v\u0113rien\u012bgu sv\u0113tku ietvaros, indi\u0101\u0146i dod priek\u0161roku \u010di\u010dai.<\/p>\n

\u010ci\u010das gatavo\u0161ana<\/strong>
\n\u010ci\u010das pagatavo\u0161ana ir vienk\u0101r\u0161a, ne\u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101, ka tas ir sens dz\u0113riens. Ar \u010di\u010das gatavo\u0161anu nodarbojas tikai sievietes. Vi\u0146u uzdevums bija p\u0101rv\u0113rst kukur\u016bzas graudus par pastu. T\u0101p\u0113c vi\u0146as to dar\u012bja ilgi un r\u016bp\u012bgi. Gremo\u0161anas (ko\u0161\u013c\u0101\u0161anas) laik\u0101 siekalu fermenti p\u0101rv\u0113rsa cieti, kas ir kukur\u016bz\u0101, par cukuru. Ieg\u016bto masu sp\u013c\u0101va liel\u0101 katl\u0101, at\u0161\u0137aid\u012bja to ar siltu \u016bdeni, kura aptuven\u0101 temperat\u016bra bija 35 – 36 C\u00b0. \u010ci\u010das r\u016bg\u0161anas process pieprasa iev\u0113rot temperat\u016bras re\u017e\u012bmu visa gatavo\u0161anas laika period\u0101. T\u0101d\u0113\u013c dz\u0113rienu sal\u0113ja milz\u012bgos traukos, cie\u0161i aizv\u0113ra un novietoja bedr\u0113s, norobe\u017eojot to no temperat\u016bras izmai\u0146\u0101m. \u0160\u0101d\u0101s bedr\u0113s kukur\u016bzas br\u0101gu tur s\u0101kot ar vienu ned\u0113\u013cu l\u012bdz pat m\u0113nesim, atkar\u012bb\u0101 no v\u0113lam\u0101 dz\u0113riena stipruma. Gatavojoties \u012bpa\u0161\u0101m svin\u012bb\u0101m, to tur ilg\u0101k, un p\u0113c ilg\u0101ka glab\u0101\u0161anas procesa var\u0113ja dzert 30% \u010di\u010du.
\nTagad \u0161o procesu izmanto tikai nedaudzos ciematos. Liel\u0101kaj\u0101s apdz\u012bvotaj\u0101s viet\u0101s Peru gatavo no kukur\u016bzas miltiem, pievienojot kl\u0101t an\u012bsu, \u0137imenes un dab\u012bgu anan\u0101sa sulu. \u0160\u012bs piedevas dod dz\u0113rienam atspirdzino\u0161u gar\u0161u. Ieg\u016bto masu at\u0161\u0137aida ar \u013coti karstu (apm\u0113ram 60 C\u00b0) \u016bdeni, glab\u0101 to da\u017eas dienas un lieto k\u0101 v\u0101jilkoholisku, mazliet g\u0101z\u0113tu atspirdzino\u0161u dz\u0113rienu.<\/p>\n

Dzer\u0161anas ritu\u0101ls<\/strong>
\nL\u012bdz m\u016bsdien\u0101m Dienvidamerikas iedz\u012bvot\u0101jiem ir saglab\u0101jusies \u010di\u010das dzer\u0161anas trad\u012bcija. L\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 ritu\u0101los, \u010di\u010du lieto lielos daudzumos. Ritu\u0101la dal\u012bbniekiem, kas izvietoti ap\u013ca form\u0101, trauku ar dz\u0113rienu pasniedz blakus s\u0113d\u0113t\u0101jam. Rituala dal\u012bbnieks, kur\u0161 papildina dz\u0113riena trauku, pasniedz to s\u0113d\u0113tajam pa kreisi. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di neviens ritu\u0101la dal\u012bbnieks nevar\u0113ja pirmais izbeigt ritu\u0101lu. \u0160odien t\u0101 ir tikai trad\u012bcija. Sekojot trad\u012bcij\u0101m, indi\u0101\u0146i pirms \u010di\u010das lieto\u0161anas izl\u0113ja nedaudz dz\u0113riena sev zem k\u0101j\u0101m, lai nesadusmotu m\u0101ti \u2013 Zemi un piel\u016bgtu garus. Ne\u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 \u0161o ritu\u0101lu, p\u0113c izdzert\u0101 \u010di\u010das daudzuma, rodas saj\u016bta, ka zeme zem k\u0101j\u0101m paz\u016bd.<\/p>\n

\u0112diens.<\/strong> Pie \u0161\u012b apreibino\u0161\u0101 dz\u0113riena tiek pied\u0101v\u0101tas grauzd\u0113tas govju zarnas.<\/p>\n

Tikai retais Dienvidamerikas viesis iedro\u0161in\u0101sies pagar\u0161ot \u012bstu \u010di\u010du, bet, ja nok\u013c\u016bsiet Peru, tad aizejiet uz \u010di\u010deriju, kur v\u0113l pat m\u016bsdien\u0101s indi\u0101\u0146u sievietes l\u0113ni un nesteidz\u012bgi ko\u0161\u013c\u0101 kukur\u016bzas graudus, lai pagatavotu \u010di\u010du.
\nDiem\u017e\u0113l Latvij\u0101 \u0161is dz\u0113riens nav pieejams, nogar\u0161ot to var tikai Peru.<\/p>\n

autors:\u00a0Edgars Ruituls<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u010ci\u010das v\u0113sture \u010ci\u010das ra\u017eo\u0161anas process ir \u013coti sens. \u0160is dz\u0113riens bija paz\u012bstams pat zemkopju cilt\u012bm, kas apdz\u012bvoja Andu teritoriju. Peru teritorij\u0101 arheologi atkl\u0101ja sienu gleznojumus, kuros [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9369,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5472,5459],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-barmenu-skolas-publikacijas","category-dzerieni"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17215"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17215\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19417,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17215\/revisions\/19417"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9369"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}