{"id":17315,"date":"2019-07-26T08:32:20","date_gmt":"2019-07-26T05:32:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/meksikas-dzerieni\/"},"modified":"2020-03-05T07:34:32","modified_gmt":"2020-03-05T05:34:32","slug":"meksikas-dzerieni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/?p=17315","title":{"rendered":"Meksikas tradicion\u0101lie dz\u0113rieni"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"..\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/04\/nexixo.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"nexixo\" alt=\"\" src=\"..\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/04\/nexixo.jpg\" width=\"195\" height=\"258\" \/><\/a><strong>V\u0113sture<\/strong><br \/>\nM\u016bsdienu Meksikas teritorija ir apdz\u012bvota jau vair\u0101kus t\u016bksto\u0161us gadu. K\u0101 vis\u0101s sabiedr\u012bb\u0101s ar\u012b sen\u0101s Meksikas tautas atkl\u0101ja vienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101s ferment\u0101cijas procesu, k\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 rad\u0101s alkoholiskie dz\u0113rieni. K\u0101 Meksikas \u012bpa\u0161ais dz\u0113riens ar dv\u0113seli j\u0101min Pulke, kas ir agaves (lilijas tipa augs, kas aug pamat\u0101 tikai Meksikas terotorij\u0101) dab\u012bgi ferment\u0113ta sula. Dz\u0113riens ir du\u013c\u0137aini balt\u0101 kr\u0101s\u0101, nedaudz putojo\u0161s. Pu\u013c-k\u0113 alkohola koncentr\u0101cija ir robe\u017e\u0101s no 4 l\u012bdz 6%. \u0160is dz\u0113riens tika izmantots da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s reli\u0123ioz\u0101s procesij\u0101s, ceremonij\u0101s un sv\u0113tkos. Bez \u0161aub\u0101m pulge bija \u012bpa\u0161s dz\u0113riens, kuru dr\u012bkst\u0113la lietot tikai augstma\u0146i un priesteri, iz\u0146\u0113mumi bija: upur\u0113jamie cilv\u0113ki, kuriem pirms ceremonijas tika at\u013cauts dzert \u0161o Dievi\u0161\u0137o dziru, k\u0101 ar\u012b cil\u0161u vec\u0101kajiem un sieviet\u0113m st\u0101vokl\u012b, kas jo \u012bpa\u0161i \u0161\u0137iet neparasti no m\u016bsdienu skata punkta. L\u012bdz ar Sp\u0101\u0146u kokvestadoru ien\u0101k\u0161anu re\u0123ion\u0101 par\u0101d\u0101s ar\u012b viet\u0113jam re\u0123ionam jauns alkohola ieg\u016b\u0161anas veids &#8211; destil\u0101cija. Izv\u0113rt\u0113jot viet\u0113jo augu \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas, konkvestadori iev\u0113roja viet\u0113jo pulkes dz\u0113rienu, kuru destil\u0113jot tika ieg\u016bts neparasts stiprs dz\u0113riens Meskals (ang\u013cu val. Mezcal), kas ir bezkr\u0101sains ar izteiktu arom\u0101tu un gar\u0161u. Dz\u0113riens tiek lietots faktiski uzreiz p\u0113c destil\u0101cijas, t\u0101 iztur\u0113\u0161ana muc\u0101s vai citos traukos nav \u012bpa\u0161i popul\u0101rs, glu\u017ei k\u0101 vodkas gad\u012bjum\u0101.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>M\u016bsdienas<\/strong><br \/>\nIepriek\u0161 min\u0113tie divi dz\u0113rieni ir uzskat\u0101mi par Meksikas nacion\u0101lajiem dz\u0113rieniem un tie ir popul\u0101ri v\u0113l m\u016bsdien\u0101s. Pulke ir \u012bpa\u0161i popul\u0101rs vienk\u0101r\u0161o lauku iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju un kalnu cil\u0161u ikdienas apreibin\u0101\u0161an\u0101s veids, jo to ir viegli pagatavot jebkur\u0101 viet\u0101, tom\u0113r tas ir nop\u0113rkams ar\u012b b\u0101ros un \u012bpa\u0161os klubos. Savuk\u0101rt meskalu lieto praktiski visos re\u0123ionos vis\u0101 Meksikas valsts teritorij\u0101 un tas ir popul\u0101r\u0101kais alkoholiskais dz\u0113riens ar augstu alkohola saturu (parasti 35% &#8211; 55%). \u0100rpus Meksikas teritorijas daudz popul\u0101r\u0101ks un mald\u012bgi par meksik\u0101\u0146u nacion\u0101lo dz\u0113rienu tiek uzskat\u012bta Tekila (ang\u013cu val. Tequila). Tekila ir uzskat\u0101ma par meskala paveidu, jo tehnolo\u0123iski tekila ir \u012bpa\u0161as agaves jeb prec\u012bz\u0101k zil\u0101s agaves (no sp\u0101\u0146u val. Agave azur), kas tiek audz\u0113ta \u012bpa\u0161\u0101 Meksikas zieme\u013crietumu augstienes Jalisko rajon\u0101, ap Tekilas pils\u0113tu, kas uzskat\u0101ma par \u012bpa\u0161u apel\u0101ciju. L\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 vair\u0101ku citu pasaul\u0113 slavenu dz\u0113rienu gad\u012bjumos, \u012bpa\u0161s nosaukums tika pie\u0161\u0137irts ar\u012b zil\u0101s agaves destil\u0101tam &#8211; tekilai. Pag\u0101ju\u0161\u0101 gadsimta vid\u016b tekila k\u013cuva \u012bpa\u0161i popul\u0101ra vis\u0101 pasaul\u0113, k\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 strauji pieauga \u0161\u012b dz\u0113riena ra\u017eo\u0161anas un eksporta apjomi, kas noveda pie nekontrol\u0113jama b\u0101zes auga \u2013 zil\u0101s agaves aud\u017eu samazin\u0101\u0161anos.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"agave\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/bar.lv\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/agave.gif\" width=\"242\" height=\"182\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Lai zil\u0101 agave nepazustu, tika ieviesta stingra valsts kontrole p\u0101r tekilas ra\u017eo\u0161anu, jo bija skaidrs, ka tekila ir \u013coti izdev\u012bgs eksporta produkts. Rezult\u0101t\u0101 tika noteikti \u012bpa\u0161i tekilas ra\u017eo\u0161anas noteikumi, kas ietver gan zil\u0101s agaves audz\u0113\u0161anu, nogatavin\u0101\u0161anu, pu\u013cke ieg\u016b\u0161anu, destil\u0101ciju un t\u0101l\u0101ku dz\u0113riena apstr\u0101di un notur\u0113\u0161anu. Lai dz\u0113rienu sauktu par tekilu, taj\u0101 j\u0101b\u016bt vismaz 51% zil\u0101s agaves spirta, kas audz\u0113ta Tekilas pils\u0113tas apkaim\u0113, produktam j\u0101b\u016bt vismaz divas reizes destil\u0113tam. \u0145emot v\u0113r\u0101 sal\u012bdzino\u0161i nelielo teritoriju, kur\u0101 ir at\u013cauts ra\u017eot tekilu (aptuveni 100km r\u0101dius\u0101 ap Tekilas pils\u0113tu) ir \u013coti daudz \u012bstas tekilas ra\u017eot\u0101ju, kas sniedz\u0101s vair\u0101kos simtos. M\u016bsdien\u0101s tiek izdal\u012btas \u010detru veidu tekilas:<br \/>\nBalt\u0101 tekila \u2013 blanco (sp\u0101\u0146u val.) \u2013 silver (ang\u013cu val.) \u2013 pirmais dubult\u0101s destil\u0101cijas produkts, kuru var notur\u0113t t\u0113rauda cistern\u0101s, ta\u010du tas nav oblig\u0101ti. Ikdienas lieto\u0161an\u0101 un lieto\u0161anai koktei\u013cos tiek ieteikts tie\u0161i \u0161is tekilas veids k\u0101 vis t\u012br\u0101kais un autentisk\u0101kais.<br \/>\nDzelten\u0101 tekila \u2013 joven abocado (sp\u0101\u0146u val.) &#8211; golden (ang\u013cu val.) \u2013 tekilai, k\u0101 jau nosaukums saka, ir viegli dzelten\u012bga vai vid\u0113ji ko\u0161a dzintara nokr\u0101sa, kas tiek ieg\u016bta baltajai tekilai notur\u0113\u0161anas laik\u0101 tiek pievienota karamele, retos gad\u012bjumos t\u0101 tiek notur\u0113ta ar\u012b balt\u0101 ozolkoka dedzin\u0101t\u0101s muc\u0101s. Pa\u0161i meksik\u0101\u0146i \u0161o tekilas veidu bie\u017ei sauc par \u201enet\u012bro\u201d tekilu un to parasti lieto tie\u0161i t\u016bristi, kas uzskata to par \u012bpa\u0161u mald\u012bgi iedom\u0101joties, ka t\u0101 savas kr\u0101sas p\u0113c ir augstv\u0113rt\u012bg\u0101ka, ta\u010du \u0161\u0101dam apgalvojumam nav pamata. Meksik\u0101\u0146i saka, ka pa\u0123iras rada tikai un vien\u012bgi \u0161is tekilas veids, kas paredz\u0113ts \u201ebaltajiem cilv\u0113kiem\u201d, kuri neprot nov\u0113rt\u0113t tekilas kvalit\u0101tes.<br \/>\nReposado \u2013 netiek tulkots, jo pats nosaukums tiek uztverts vien\u0101di vis\u0101s valod\u0101s. \u0160\u012b tekila p\u0113c destil\u0101cijas tiek notur\u0113ta dedzin\u0101t\u0101s balt\u0101 ozola koka muc\u0101s no diviem m\u0113ne\u0161iem l\u012bdz vienam gadam, \u0161\u0101di ieg\u016bstot neuzm\u0101c\u012bgu un pat\u012bkamu tekilas piegar\u0161u, vienlaikus neradot dz\u0113rien\u0101 p\u0101r\u0101k agres\u012bvas noska\u0146as. \u0160o dz\u0113rienu reti izmanto koktei\u013cos, popul\u0101r\u0101ks t\u012br\u0101 veid\u0101, lab\u0101kos dz\u0113rienus var baud\u012bt pat lietot old fashion gl\u0101z\u0113 ar ledu.<br \/>\nAnejo \u2013 \u012bpa\u0161i notur\u0113ta tekila, kas notur\u0113ta ozolkoka muc\u0101s vismaz 12 m\u0113ne\u0161us. \u0160\u012bs tekilas ir \u012bpa\u0161i baud\u0101mas, ar bag\u0101tu arom\u0101tu un gar\u0161u bu\u0137eti. \u0160ie ir kolekcion\u0101ru iecien\u012bti dz\u0113rieni, jo tiem piem\u012bt gan bag\u0101t\u012bga gar\u0161a un kr\u0101sa, gan ar\u012b \u012bpa\u0161as keramikas vai \u012bpa\u0161a p\u016bst\u0101 stikla pude\u013cu d\u0113\u013c. \u0160ie dz\u0113rieni var maks\u0101t vair\u0101kus simtus dol\u0101ru un piel\u012bdzin\u0101mi lab\u0101kajiem brendijiem un viskijiem.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Dz\u0113rienu lieto\u0161ana<\/strong><br \/>\nPulke \u2013 tiek lietota t\u012br\u0101 veid\u0101 no stikla vai m\u0101la kr\u016bz\u0113m, l\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 citi v\u0113sturiskie dab\u012bgi br\u016bv\u0113tie dz\u0113rieni, piem\u0113ram alus.<br \/>\nMeskals \u2013 tiek lietots t\u012br\u0101 veid\u0101 no shot tipa gl\u0101z\u0113m ar s\u0101li un citronu vai sk\u0101bu apels\u012bnu, l\u012bdz\u012bgi k\u0101 tekila klasiskaj\u0101 veid\u0101. Da\u017ek\u0101rt s\u0101ls tiek aizst\u0101ta ar maltu agav\u0113 parazit\u0113jo\u0161u k\u0101puru un \u010dili piparu vai s\u0101ls mais\u012bjumu. Netiek izmantots koktei\u013cos un netiek jaukts ar sul\u0101m.<br \/>\nTekila \u2013 tiek lietota gan t\u012br\u0101 veid\u0101, gan bie\u017ei izmantota da\u017e\u0101dos koktei\u013cos. Klasiskais pasnieg\u0161anas veids ir shot gl\u0101z\u0113 atsevi\u0161\u0137i pasniedzot s\u0101li (v\u0113lams rupjo) un divas laima \u0161\u0137\u0113les. Jau min\u0113ju, ka lab\u0101k\u0101s tekilas var tikt lietotas ar\u012b t\u0101s l\u0113n\u0101m baudot no old fashion tipa gl\u0101z\u0113m istabas temperat\u016br\u0101, bet var lietot ar\u012b ar ledu. K\u0101 popul\u0101rs ball\u012b\u0161u tekilas dzer\u0161anas ritu\u0101ls, ko ieteica kol\u0113\u0123i no Meksikas, tiek saukts par \u201eLa Banderita\u201d vai l\u012bdz\u012bga recepte tika atrasta internet\u0101 ar nosaukumu \u201eTre Amigos Con Herradura\u201d: tiek lietotas 3 shot gl\u0101zes, kur viena tiek piepild\u012bta ar svaigi spiestu laima sulu, otra ar balto tekilu, tre\u0161\u0101 ar salsas m\u0113rci (sauc ar\u012b par Sangritu). \u0160\u0101di tiek ieg\u016btas tr\u012bs gl\u0101zes: za\u013ca, balta un sarkana \u2013 Meksikas karoga jeb Banderas kr\u0101sas. S\u0101kotn\u0113ji dzer sulu, tad tekilu un uzdzer ar \u012bpa\u0161u salsas m\u0113rci. \u0160\u012b recepte tika p\u0101rbaud\u012bta ar\u012b dz\u012bv\u0113 un no visu degust\u0113t\u0101ju puses atz\u012bta k\u0101 \u013coti gar\u0161\u012bga, sildo\u0161a un baud\u0101ma, apet\u012bti un labu garast\u0101vokli veicino\u0161a. Neparastu kokteili, kas sasaucas ar jau min\u0113to La Banderitas recepti izdev\u0101s atrast internet\u0101 un t\u0101 saucas \u201eHot Pepper Sangrita\u201d, kur \u0161eiker\u012b ar ledu sajauc 30ml tekilas, 60ml sangritas m\u0113rces ( 3 da\u013cas tom\u0101tu m\u0113rces, 1 da\u013ca citronu m\u0113rce, 1 da\u013ca sarkano piparu salsas, viss notur\u0113ts un atdzes\u0113ts), \u0161eikera saturu piecas reizes p\u0101rlej no viena \u0161eikera otr\u0101, pasniedz aukst\u0101 Margaritas gl\u0101z\u0113, dekor\u0113 ar laimu vai sarkano piparu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Citi moderni, Meksik\u0101 iecien\u012bti koktei\u013ci <\/strong><br \/>\nMichelada \u2013 gai\u0161\u0101 alus kokteilis ar \u013coti zemu alkohola saturu. Alus kaus\u0101 ieber ledu, pievieno laima sulu, tobasco m\u0113rci p\u0113c gar\u0161as, visu p\u0101rlej ar gai\u0161o alu. Tabasco m\u0113rci var aizst\u0101t ar salsu, bet s\u0101li ar sojas m\u0113rci. Lai ieg\u016btu bezalkaholisko kokteili alu var aizst\u0101t ar Shwepps GingerAle limon\u0101di.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>Veikalu apskats<\/strong><br \/>\nLai izv\u0113rt\u0113tu Latvij\u0101 pieejamo Meksik\u0101 ra\u017eoto dz\u0113rienu kl\u0101stu tika izv\u0113rt\u0113ti un sal\u012bdzin\u0101ti liel\u0101ko mazumtirdzniec\u012bbas veikalu t\u012bklu pied\u0101v\u0101jums. Neskatoties uz to, ka gandr\u012bz vis\u0101s liel\u0101kaj\u0101s alkohola tirdzniec\u012bbas viet\u0101s ir pieejami dz\u0113rieni ar nosaukumu tekila, tom\u0113r \u012bsta tekila, kas atbilst Tekilas ra\u017eo\u0161anas standartiem un apel\u0101cijas nosac\u012bjumiem, ir atrodama ar gr\u016bt\u012bb\u0101m. Piem\u0113ram veikalu t\u012bkla Rimi un Maksima veikalos \u012bsta tekila ir pieejama tikai \u013coti retos gad\u012bjumos, prec\u012bz\u0101k tikai liel\u0101kajos \u0161o t\u012bklu veikalos, vid\u0113jos un mazajos veikalos ir pieejami tikai dz\u0113riena paka\u013cdarin\u0101jumi. Sal\u012bdzin\u0101jumam tika izmantoti ar\u012b lielveikalu t\u012bkla Sky un alkohola vairumtirdzniec\u012bbas b\u0101zes Baltic XL Cash&amp;Carry pied\u0101v\u0101tie produkti. No popul\u0101r\u0101kaj\u0101m tekil\u0101m, kas parasti Latvij\u0101 ir atpaz\u012btas un pieejamas veikalos j\u0101min Tequila Sauza (Blanco un Gold), Olmeca (Blanco un Reposado) un Sierra (Silver un Reposado). \u0160o Meksik\u0101 ra\u017eoto dz\u0113rienu cenas sv\u0101rst\u0101s robe\u017e\u0101s no 13 LVL litr\u0101 veikal\u0101 Baltic XL l\u012bdz 33LVL litr\u0101 lielveikal\u0101 Sky, Me\u017eciem\u0101. Cenas lielveikalos Maxima un Rimi ir l\u012bdz\u012bgas, tom\u0113r tekilas \u0161ajos veikalos ir viszem\u0101k\u0101s kvalit\u0101tes, kuru izcelsme ir ap\u0161aub\u0101ma, jo uz dz\u0113rieniem nav atrodamas nor\u0101des par zil\u0101s agaves izmanto\u0161anu \u0161o dz\u0113rienu rad\u012b\u0161an\u0101. Toties lielveikal\u0101 Sky, lai ar\u012b dz\u0113rienu cenas ir augst\u0101kas, ir pieejamas ar\u012b kvalitat\u012bv\u0101kas tekilas, piem. Tequila Corralejo Blanco un Reposado, kuru cenas veikal\u0101 Sky ir 36 LVL litr\u0101, bet analoga dz\u0113riena cena Baltic XL veikal\u0101 ir 28LVL litr\u0101. Lai izm\u0113\u0123in\u0101tu iepriek\u0161 min\u0113t\u0101s tekilas receptes, tika izv\u0113l\u0113ta tie\u0161i Tequila Corralejo Blanco, kurai ir \u013coti pat\u012bkama maiga gar\u0161a ar citrusa noska\u0146\u0101m, ko atz\u012bm\u0113ja visi degust\u0113t\u0101ji, kuri vienlaikus bija p\u0101rsteigti par \u012bstas tekilas maigo gar\u0161u un arom\u0101tu, jo no pieredzes visi bija baud\u012bju\u0161i tikai parast\u0101s Olmeca un Siera tekilas, kuras nav sal\u012bdzin\u0101mas ar 100% zil\u0101s agaves tekilu. \u0160o tekilu par labu atz\u012bst ar\u012b kol\u0113\u0123i no Meksikas un Sp\u0101nijas, kuri Corralejo tekilu uzskata par vien\u012bgo tekilas veidu, kas pieejama Latvij\u0101. Lai baud\u012bto \u0161o dz\u0113rienu, autors iesaka apmekl\u0113t tie\u0161i Baltic XL Cash&amp;Carry veikalu Piedrujas iel\u0101 3, kur cenas ir zem\u0101kas pat par lielveikalu akciju cen\u0101m.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Autors: Gun\u0101rs Jemeljanovs (Bar.lv b\u0101rme\u0146u treni\u0146u centrs)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Resursi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">www.meksikatev.lv<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tekila.lv\/\">www.tekila.lv<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Person\u012bgs paldies: Orlando Morales Garcia, Jose Kaleb Maawad Sampogna.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u0113sture M\u016bsdienu Meksikas teritorija ir apdz\u012bvota jau vair\u0101kus t\u016bksto\u0161us gadu. K\u0101 vis\u0101s sabiedr\u012bb\u0101s ar\u012b sen\u0101s Meksikas tautas atkl\u0101ja vienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101s ferment\u0101cijas procesu, k\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 rad\u0101s alkoholiskie dz\u0113rieni.<span class=\"excerpt-hellip\"> [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9519,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5472,5459],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17315","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-barmenu-skolas-publikacijas","category-dzerieni"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17315","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17315"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17315\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22932,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17315\/revisions\/22932"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9519"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17315"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bar.lv\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}